Igama Lomkhiqizo: I-Chuliang Longan (Dimocarpus longan cv. Chuliang)

Incazelo:
I-Chuliang Longan iwuhlobo lwe-longan olusezingeni eliphezulu olusuka e-Chuliang Village, e-Gaozhou City, e-Guangdong Province, e-China. Yaziwa ngokuthi i- Umkhiqizo Wendawo Yezwe futhi ingenye yezinhlobo ezimele kakhulu ze-Lingnan longan. Yakhethwa esihlahleni esiphakeme sasendle ngawo-1980, isiphenduke i- uhlobo lwe-longan olubusa esifundeni sokukhiqiza saseMaoming, okubalelwa ngaphezu kwe 60% yendawo yokutshala iyonke futhi isebenza njengohlobo oluyinhloko lokuthumela kwamanye amazwe. Ngokusho kwemibhalo ye-FAO, i-Chuliang longan ihlanganisa ngaphezu kwe amahektha angu-100,000 ezweni lonke, cishe amahektha angu-30,000 kutshalwe eGaozhou kuphela.

I-Longan Efeza Kuzo Zonke Izinga:

Isici esichaza iChuliang Longan yi usayizi wezithelo omkhulu kanye ne-aril ewugqinsi, enenyama. Isisindo esimaphakathi sesithelo sisukela ku- 12 kuya ku-16.5 amagremu, ngezinhlobo zekhwalithi ephezulu ezedlula 18 amagremu – inkulu kakhulu kune-Shixia evamile (9–11g). Ukujiya kwe-aril kufinyelela ku- 0.45 cm, futhi izinga lokudliwa li- 69–74%, okwenza kube ngolunye lwezinhlobo ze-longan ezikhiqiza kakhulu zokudliwa kusihlwa.

Ukubukeka:
Isithelo sikhulu isicaba-siyindilinga enamahlombe aphakanyisiwe kancane nesiphetho sesiqu esicaba, usayizi ofanayo. Isikhumba si phuzi-msundu ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, phakathi nendawo, futhi bushelelezi enamagobolondo ehlwathi angajulile futhi angenayo imigqa eyi-radial ekugcineni kwesiqu. Ngaphakathi, i-aril i- kumhlophe njengobisi futhi akubonakali, icwebezela futhi iqinile, inendlela ehlanzekile engakhiphi amanzi uma isikwa.

Ukunambitheka Nobumnandi:
I-Chuliang Longan iletha i- ukunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu, okunomuncu omncane ene- ingqikithi yezinto ezincibilikayo kukamanzi engu-18.5%–23% kanye ne-acidity ephansi kakhulu engu- 0.08%. I-aril i kumnandi futhi kuqabula, nge- iphunga elimnandi kanye nobumnandi obumsulwa, obuhlala isikhathi eside. Isithelo i-freestone, nembewu encane, ensundu emnyama enesisindo esingu- 1.8 amagremu ehlukanisa kalula enyameni.

Inani Lokudla Nokwelapha:
I-Chuliang Longan igcwele Vithamini C (68 mg/100g), amaprotheni, amavithamini e-B-complex, kanye namaminerali abalulekile. Njengesinye sezithako zokuqala ezifakwe eShayina “Umuthi-Ukudla Okufanayo” kukhathalogi, kubalulekile emithini yendabuko yaseShayina ngenxa ye- ukondla igazi, ukuthulisa ingqondo, nokusekela impilo yenhliziyo nesibindi. Iphakanyiswa ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-anemia noma izinkinga zokulala, futhi isizuze isithunzi sokuba yi- “Ginseng yaseNingizimu”.

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zezebhizinisi:

• Usayizi Wesithelo Esikhulu – 12–18g ngokwesilinganiso, enkulu kakhulu kunezinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-longan

• I-Aril Ewugqinsi, Enenyama – ukujiya okungu-0.45cm ngezinga lokudleka elingu-69–74%

• Ushukela Ophezulu, I-Acid Ephansi – 18.5–23% TSS ene-acidity engu-0.08% kuphela

• Freestone & Imbewu Encane – Kulula ukudla futhi kunomkhiqizo ophezulu odliwayo

• Ukubekezelela Okuhle Kakhulu Kokugcinwa Nokuthutha – Isikhumba esijiyile nenyama eqinile kudlula i-Shixia ekuthumeleni

• Ikhwalithi Ephezulu Yokomisa – Izinga lezithelo ezomisiweyo lika-35–38%, inyama eyomisiwe engumbala ophuzi egolide, amagobolondo amelana nokuguquka nokuqhekeka

• Ikhwalithi Ezuza Imiklomelo – Indondo Yegolide eMbonisweni Wokuqala Wezolimo WaseChina (1992) kanye nokuhlonishwa “Komkhiqizo Womkhiqizo Odumile” emibukisweni kazwelonke eyalandela

• Umholi We-E-Commerce – Kubalwa 32% yokuthengiswa kwamalongan ku-JD Fresh ngo-2024, ikleliswe kuqala esigabeni sayo

Izindawo Zokutshala:
Idabuka e- eChuliang Village, eGaozhou City, eGuangdong Province, i-Chuliang Longan manje isitshalwa kabanzi e Maoming (izifunda zaseGaozhou naseDianbai), Yangjiang, futhi Lingshan (Guangxi) . Isifunda saseMaoming, esaziwa ngokuthi “Ikhaya laseShayina le-Longan,” ikhiqiza i-longan enobukhulu obumangalisayo, ubumnandi, nekhwalithi yokudla ngenxa yesimo sezulu sayo se-subtropical monsoon, ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi, kanye nenhlabathi ekhululekile kahle.

Amanothi Okulima:

• Isimo Sezulu: Ukukhanya kwelanga kwaminyaka yonke ≥1,800 amahora; ≥10°C izinga lokushisa eliqoqekile ≥2,500°C; izinga lokushisa lonyaka elijwayelekile 22–26°C; ubuncane basebusika ≥0°C; izinsuku eziyi-15 ze- 13–15°C izinga lokushisa eliphansi elidingekayo ekwehlukanisweni kwama-flower buds

• Ukukhethwa Kwendawo: Ilanga, indawo eyisicaba edonsa kahle amanzi, igquma, noma amathambeka amancane (ngaphansi kwe- 20°); sandy loam noma red loam ene pH 5.5–6.5; izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lingaphansi kwe- 100 cm

• Isikhathi Sokutshala: Februwari kuya kuMeyi (intwasahlobo); ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari ezindaweni eziseningizimu ezingenalo isithwathwa

• Ukuphathwa Kwezimbali: I-Chuliang iyi- okubangelwa izinga lokushisa eliphansi izinhlobonhlobo eziqhakazayo; ukwehlukaniswa komzimba kokuqala kuqala ngo- ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, ukwehluka kwesimo kusuka ku- Disemba kuya kuJanuwari. Izinqubo ezibalulekile: cindezela ukuqhakaza kwasebusika, khuthaza ukwehlukaniswa kwama-flower buds, futhi uthuthukise izinga le-panicle. Izimiso eziyisisekelo: “lawula amahlumela, nisela, gqugquzela, futhi vimbela ukuphuphuma kwezihlumela”

• Ukuthena: Susa amagatsha aphambanayo, abuthakathaka, agulayo, futhi aminene kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukungena komoya nokukhanya. Lapho ama-panicle efinyelela ku- 5–8 cm, futha 15% paclobutrazol WP ku-300× + 0.2% monopotassium phosphate, kabili ngezikhathi ezingamaviki angu-7

• Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi: Landela umgomo wokuthi “khuthaza ukuqhakaza ebusika, vikela izimbali entwasahlobo, qinisa isithelo ehlobo, xhumanisa unyaka wonke” ; gcina umswakama womhlabathi ku- 60–70% yesikhathi sokugcwalisa insimu ngesikhathi sokuvuvukala kwezithelo; gwema ukugcwala kwamanzi

• Ukuphathwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo: I-Chuliang ine- ukubhekana okubuthakathaka ne-anthracnose kanye nesifo se-longan witches' broom; qinisa ukuphathwa kokuvimbela. Bheka ku- NY/T 1479 Imithetho Yezobuchwepheshe Yokulawula Izifo Nezinambuzane Ze-Longan

• Inothi Lokuxhunyelelwa: Ukuhambisana kwendawo yokuxhunyelelwa kukhulu kakhulu kubi; khetha izinhlanganisela zezimpande ezifanele ngokucophelela

Isizini Yokuvuna:
Maphakathi noJulayi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti – nesizini enkulu eGaozhou isukela ku- maphakathi noJulayi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. I-longan yephakathi nesizini esezingeni eliphezulu enikeza usayizi wezithelo ezinkulu kakhulu, inyama ewugqinsi enamanzi amaningi, ubumnandi obukhethekile, nokubekezelela ukugcinwa okumangalisayo – ilungele ukudayiswa kwemakethe entsha, ukuthunyelwa nge-e-commerce, ukupakishwa kwezipho, kanye nokucutshungulwa kwe-longan eyomisiwe. Nge- Indawo Yezwe Yomkhiqizo isimo kanye ikhwalithi ezuze imiklomelo, i-Chuliang Longan inenani eliphezulu futhi idingeka kakhulu kubathengi ezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe.